25 files changed, 259 insertions, 209 deletions
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 1b9a692..cdab1d4 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ dispatching inferences to the Ethos-U kernel driver.
 
 As the component diagram below illustrates the network is separated from the
 inference, allowing multiple inferences to share the same network. The buffer
-class is used to store any data.
+class is used to store IFM and OFM data.
 
 ![Driver library](docs/driver_library_component.svg "Driver library component diagram")
 
@@ -232,9 +232,9 @@ The `Device` class opens a file descriptor to the device node `/dev/ethosu<nr>`.
 This file descriptor is used to issue IOCTL request to kernel space to create
 buffers and networks.
 
-The `Network` class uses the `Device` object to create a new network object. The
-network model is stored in a `Buffer` that the network parses to discover the
-dimensions of the network model.
+The `Network` class uses the `Device` object to create a new network object.
+The network model is provided in a user buffer that is copied into an internal
+buffer and parsed to discover the dimensions of the network model.
 
 The `Inference` class uses the `Network` object to create an inference. The
 array of IFM `Buffers` need to be populated with data before the inference
@@ -259,13 +259,11 @@ for reading and/or writing.
 ## Network
 
 Creating a network assumes that the device node has already been opened, and
-that a buffer has been allocated and populated with the network model.
+that a user buffer populated with the network model is available.
 
 A new network is created by issuing an IOCTL command on the device node file
-descriptor. A file descriptor to a buffer - containing the network model - is
-passed in the IOCTL data. The network class increases the reference count on the
-buffer, preventing the buffer from being freed before the network object has
-been destructed.
+descriptor. A pointer to the user buffer - containing the network model - and
+its size is passed in the IOCTL data.
 
 ![Create network](docs/kernel_network.svg "Create network")
 
diff --git a/docs/driver_library_component.puml b/docs/driver_library_component.puml
index 1b640e2..6e39456 100644
--- a/docs/driver_library_component.puml
+++ b/docs/driver_library_component.puml
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ inf -> net
 inf -> buf: IFM and OFM
 
 net --> dev
-net --> buf: Network model
 
 buf -> dev
 
-@enduml
-\ No newline at end of file
+@enduml
diff --git a/docs/driver_library_component.svg b/docs/driver_library_component.svg
index bcb43f9..715da50 100644
--- a/docs/driver_library_component.svg
+++ b/docs/driver_library_component.svg
@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" contentScriptType="application/ecmascript" contentStyleType="text/css" height="187px" preserveAspectRatio="none" style="width:214px;height:187px;background:#FEFEFE;" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 214 187" width="214px" zoomAndPan="magnify"><defs><filter height="300%" id="fpjgrf9isy925" width="300%" x="-1" y="-1"><feGaussianBlur result="blurOut" stdDeviation="2.0"/><feColorMatrix in="blurOut" result="blurOut2" type="matrix" values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .4 0"/><feOffset dx="4.0" dy="4.0" in="blurOut2" result="blurOut3"/><feBlend in="SourceGraphic" in2="blurOut3" mode="normal"/></filter></defs><g><!--MD5=[e700746e0efa2c4773b8fec71443b5b6]
+entity inf--><rect fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#fpjgrf9isy925)" height="36.2969" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="85" x="6" y="8"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="1" y="13"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="1" y="34.2969"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="65" x="16" y="30.9951">Inference</text><!--MD5=[27d8026e1e607fa992f9f5b0cd222a86]
+entity net--><rect fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#fpjgrf9isy925)" height="36.2969" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="77" x="126" y="8"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="121" y="13"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="121" y="34.2969"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="57" x="136" y="30.9951">Network</text><!--MD5=[0026c2bef77b3322991a49ea733d1063]
+entity buf--><rect fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#fpjgrf9isy925)" height="36.2969" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="61" x="49" y="74"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="44" y="79"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="44" y="100.2969"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="41" x="59" y="96.9951">Buffer</text><!--MD5=[3d99d59a27ec55cd9b0b1490801f78bc]
+entity dev--><rect fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#fpjgrf9isy925)" height="36.2969" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="67" x="73" y="140"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="68" y="145"/><rect fill="#FEFECE" height="5" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="10" x="68" y="166.2969"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="47" x="83" y="162.9951">Device</text><!--MD5=[2ff72c400cccaeb19456038b10d7a192]
+link inf to net--><path d="M91.09,26 C100.94,26 110.79,26 120.64,26 " fill="none" id="inf-&gt;net" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><polygon fill="#A80036" points="125.79,26,116.79,22,120.79,26,116.79,30,125.79,26" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><!--MD5=[683c956fb43f11bd9ac76d5bc8360245]
+link inf to buf--><path d="M56.81,44.15 C60.49,51.76 64.87,60.8 68.8,68.9 " fill="none" id="inf-&gt;buf" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><polygon fill="#A80036" points="71.17,73.8,70.8612,63.956,68.9971,69.2969,63.6562,67.4327,71.17,73.8" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><!--MD5=[c137ea9796ba7150be1b84493d485127]
+link net to dev--><path d="M156.8,44.26 C146.35,67.67 127.7,109.49 116.28,135.08 " fill="none" id="net-&gt;dev" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><polygon fill="#A80036" points="114.23,139.67,121.5367,133.066,116.258,135.0998,114.2243,129.8211,114.23,139.67" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><!--MD5=[f081c634ca37a6c48a522a149df97049]
+link buf to dev--><path d="M86.74,110.15 C89.94,117.76 93.76,126.8 97.18,134.9 " fill="none" id="buf-&gt;dev" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><polygon fill="#A80036" points="99.24,139.8,99.3972,129.9524,97.2825,135.1991,92.0358,133.0844,99.24,139.8" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><!--MD5=[8c816b15a51d6b9c34284e9b0bbcc4d9]
 @startuml
 
 skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
@@ -12,19 +20,17 @@ inf -> net
 inf -> buf: IFM and OFM
 
 net - -> dev
-net - -> buf: Network model
 
 buf -> dev
 
 @enduml
 
-PlantUML version 1.2017.15(Mon Jul 03 18:45:34 CEST 2017)
+PlantUML version 1.2020.02(Sun Mar 01 11:22:07 CET 2020)
 (GPL source distribution)
 Java Runtime: OpenJDK Runtime Environment
 JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM
-Java Version: 11.0.11+9-Ubuntu-0ubuntu2.18.04
+Java Version: 11.0.20.1+1-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu122.04
 Operating System: Linux
-OS Version: 5.4.0-73-generic
 Default Encoding: UTF-8
 Language: en
 Country: US
diff --git a/docs/driver_library_sequence.puml b/docs/driver_library_sequence.puml
index adac2f9..0e8c799 100644
--- a/docs/driver_library_sequence.puml
+++ b/docs/driver_library_sequence.puml
@@ -30,19 +30,10 @@ main -> ddev++: Device()
 return
 
 note over dnet
-    Allocate and fill network buffer
-end note
-
-main -> dbuf++: Buffer(device)
-    dbuf -> kbuf++: ioctl(BUFFER_CREATE)
-    return file descriptor
-return
-
-note over dnet
     Create network, parse network model
 end note
 
-main -> dnet++: Network(device, buffer)
+main -> dnet++: Network(device, user_buffer, size)
     dnet -> knet++: ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE)
     return file descriptor
 
diff --git a/docs/driver_library_sequence.svg b/docs/driver_library_sequence.svg
index 1103a05..b1ac54c 100644
--- a/docs/driver_library_sequence.svg
+++ b/docs/driver_library_sequence.svg
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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 @startuml
 
 skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
@@ -31,19 +31,10 @@ main -> ddev++: Device()
 return
 
 note over dnet
-    Allocate and fill network buffer
-end note
-
-main -> dbuf++: Buffer(device)
-    dbuf -> kbuf++: ioctl(BUFFER_CREATE)
-    return file descriptor
-return
-
-note over dnet
     Create network, parse network model
 end note
 
-main -> dnet++: Network(device, buffer)
+main -> dnet++: Network(device, user_buffer, size)
     dnet -> knet++: ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE)
     return file descriptor
 
@@ -79,13 +70,12 @@ return
 
 @enduml
 
-PlantUML version 1.2017.15(Mon Jul 03 18:45:34 CEST 2017)
+PlantUML version 1.2020.02(Sun Mar 01 11:22:07 CET 2020)
 (GPL source distribution)
 Java Runtime: OpenJDK Runtime Environment
 JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM
-Java Version: 11.0.11+9-Ubuntu-0ubuntu2.18.04
+Java Version: 11.0.20.1+1-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu122.04
 Operating System: Linux
-OS Version: 5.4.0-73-generic
 Default Encoding: UTF-8
 Language: en
 Country: US
diff --git a/docs/kernel_network.puml b/docs/kernel_network.puml
index 39c7f55..b9136ce 100644
--- a/docs/kernel_network.puml
+++ b/docs/kernel_network.puml
@@ -24,16 +24,16 @@ activate main
 
 note over main
     Create device
-    Allocate and fill network buffer
+    Provide user buffer with network model
 end note
 
-main -> dnet++: Network(device, buffer)
-    dnet -> kdev++: ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE, buffer)
+main -> dnet++: Network(device, user_buffer, size)
+    dnet -> kdev++: ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE, user_buffer, size)
         note over knet
             Create network and return file descriptor
         end note
 
-        kdev -> knet++: create(buffer)
+        kdev -> knet++: create(user_buffer, size)
         return file descriptor
     return file descriptor
 return
diff --git a/docs/kernel_network.svg b/docs/kernel_network.svg
index 8b3b4a3..2b8f753 100644
--- a/docs/kernel_network.svg
+++ b/docs/kernel_network.svg
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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stroke-width: 1.5;" width="71" x="687" y="330.4922"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="57" x="694" y="350.4873">Network</text><rect fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#fflf1tczznf06)" height="30.2969" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="79" x="772" y="23.1328"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="65" x="779" y="43.1279">Inference</text><rect fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#fflf1tczznf06)" height="30.2969" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.5;" width="79" x="772" y="330.4922"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="65" x="779" y="350.4873">Inference</text><rect fill="#FFFFFF" filter="url(#fflf1tczznf06)" height="254.0625" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" width="10" x="110.5" y="68.4297"/><rect fill="#FFFFFF" filter="url(#fflf1tczznf06)" height="169.7969" style="stroke: #A80036; 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stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="120.5" x2="336.5" y1="143.6953" y2="143.6953"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="148" x="127.5" y="138.7622">Network(device, buffer)</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="558.5,168.8281,568.5,172.8281,558.5,176.8281,562.5,172.8281" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="352.5" x2="564.5" y1="172.8281" y2="172.8281"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="199" x="359.5" y="167.895">ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE, buffer)</text><polygon fill="#FBFB77" filter="url(#fflf1tczznf06)" points="583,185.9609,583,210.9609,862,210.9609,862,195.9609,852,185.9609,583,185.9609" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="852" x2="852" y1="185.9609" y2="195.9609"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="862" x2="852" y1="195.9609" y2="195.9609"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="258" x="589" y="203.0278">Create network and return file descriptor</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="707.5,237.0938,717.5,241.0938,707.5,245.0938,711.5,241.0938" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="580.5" x2="713.5" y1="241.0938" y2="241.0938"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="88" x="587.5" y="236.1606">create(buffer)</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="591.5,266.2266,581.5,270.2266,591.5,274.2266,587.5,270.2266" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0; stroke-dasharray: 2.0,2.0;" x1="585.5" x2="723.5" y1="270.2266" y2="270.2266"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="86" x="597.5" y="265.2935">file descriptor</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="363.5,295.3594,353.5,299.3594,363.5,303.3594,359.5,299.3594" style="stroke: #A80036; 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stroke-width: 1.0;" width="10" x="393.5" y="143.8281"/><rect fill="#FFFFFF" filter="url(#fppms3ru5k1wp)" height="126.5313" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" width="10" x="689.5" y="172.9609"/><rect fill="#FFFFFF" filter="url(#fppms3ru5k1wp)" height="29.1328" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" width="10" x="874.5" y="241.2266"/><path d="M8,73.4297 L8,113.4297 L276,113.4297 L276,83.4297 L266,73.4297 L8,73.4297 " fill="#FBFB77" filter="url(#fppms3ru5k1wp)" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><path d="M266,73.4297 L266,83.4297 L276,83.4297 L266,73.4297 " fill="#FBFB77" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="88" x="14" y="90.4966">Create device</text><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="247" x="14" y="105.6294">Provide user buffer with network model</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="381.5,139.8281,391.5,143.8281,381.5,147.8281,385.5,143.8281" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="148.5" x2="387.5" y1="143.8281" y2="143.8281"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="216" x="155.5" y="138.7622">Network(device, user_buffer, size)</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="677.5,168.9609,687.5,172.9609,677.5,176.9609,681.5,172.9609" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="403.5" x2="683.5" y1="172.9609" y2="172.9609"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="267" x="410.5" y="167.895">ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE, user_buffer, size)</text><path d="M738,185.9609 L738,210.9609 L1017,210.9609 L1017,195.9609 L1007,185.9609 L738,185.9609 " fill="#FBFB77" filter="url(#fppms3ru5k1wp)" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><path d="M1007,185.9609 L1007,195.9609 L1017,195.9609 L1007,185.9609 " fill="#FBFB77" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="258" x="744" y="203.0278">Create network and return file descriptor</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="862.5,237.2266,872.5,241.2266,862.5,245.2266,866.5,241.2266" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="699.5" x2="868.5" y1="241.2266" y2="241.2266"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="156" x="706.5" y="236.1606">create(user_buffer, size)</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="710.5,266.3594,700.5,270.3594,710.5,274.3594,706.5,270.3594" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0; stroke-dasharray: 2.0,2.0;" x1="704.5" x2="878.5" y1="270.3594" y2="270.3594"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="86" x="716.5" y="265.2935">file descriptor</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="414.5,295.4922,404.5,299.4922,414.5,303.4922,410.5,299.4922" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0; stroke-dasharray: 2.0,2.0;" x1="408.5" x2="693.5" y1="299.4922" y2="299.4922"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="86" x="420.5" y="294.4263">file descriptor</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="159.5,309.4922,149.5,313.4922,159.5,317.4922,155.5,313.4922" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0; stroke-dasharray: 2.0,2.0;" x1="153.5" x2="397.5" y1="313.4922" y2="313.4922"/><!--MD5=[237279265ff59fe4aa02ccba32edf4aa]
 @startuml
 
 skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
@@ -25,29 +25,28 @@ activate main
 
 note over main
     Create device
-    Allocate and fill network buffer
+    Provide user buffer with network model
 end note
 
-main -> dnet++: Network(device, buffer)
-    dnet -> kdev++: ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE, buffer)
+main -> dnet++: Network(device, user_buffer, size)
+    dnet -> kdev++: ioctl(NETWORK_CREATE, user_buffer, size)
         note over knet
             Create network and return file descriptor
         end note
 
-        kdev -> knet++: create(buffer)
+        kdev -> knet++: create(user_buffer, size)
         return file descriptor
     return file descriptor
 return
 
 @enduml
 
-PlantUML version 1.2017.15(Mon Jul 03 18:45:34 CEST 2017)
+PlantUML version 1.2020.02(Sun Mar 01 11:22:07 CET 2020)
 (GPL source distribution)
 Java Runtime: OpenJDK Runtime Environment
 JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM
-Java Version: 11.0.11+9-Ubuntu-0ubuntu2.18.04
+Java Version: 11.0.20.1+1-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu122.04
 Operating System: Linux
-OS Version: 5.4.0-73-generic
 Default Encoding: UTF-8
 Language: en
 Country: US
diff --git a/driver_library/include/ethosu.hpp b/driver_library/include/ethosu.hpp
index 47c1868..eaa1ce7 100644
--- a/driver_library/include/ethosu.hpp
+++ b/driver_library/include/ethosu.hpp
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@
 
 namespace EthosU {
 
-constexpr uint32_t DRIVER_LIBRARY_VERSION_MAJOR = 2;
+constexpr uint32_t DRIVER_LIBRARY_VERSION_MAJOR = 3;
 constexpr uint32_t DRIVER_LIBRARY_VERSION_MINOR = 0;
 constexpr uint32_t DRIVER_LIBRARY_VERSION_PATCH = 0;
 
-constexpr uint32_t MAX_SUPPORTED_KERNEL_DRIVER_MAJOR_VERSION = 2;
-constexpr uint32_t MIN_SUPPORTED_KERNEL_DRIVER_MAJOR_VERSION = 2;
+constexpr uint32_t MAX_SUPPORTED_KERNEL_DRIVER_MAJOR_VERSION = 3;
+constexpr uint32_t MIN_SUPPORTED_KERNEL_DRIVER_MAJOR_VERSION = 3;
 
 class Exception : public std::exception {
 public:
@@ -168,12 +168,11 @@ private:
 
 class Network {
 public:
-    Network(const Device &device, std::shared_ptr<Buffer> &buffer);
+    Network(const Device &device, const unsigned char *networkData, size_t networkSize);
     Network(const Device &device, const unsigned index);
     virtual ~Network() noexcept(false);
 
     int ioctl(unsigned long cmd, void *data = nullptr);
-    std::shared_ptr<Buffer> getBuffer();
     const std::vector<size_t> &getIfmDims() const;
     size_t getIfmSize() const;
     const std::vector<size_t> &getOfmDims() const;
@@ -183,7 +182,6 @@ private:
     void collectNetworkInfo();
 
     int fd;
-    std::shared_ptr<Buffer> buffer;
     std::vector<size_t> ifmDims;
     std::vector<size_t> ofmDims;
 };
diff --git a/driver_library/python/README.md b/driver_library/python/README.md
index 7fae749..cc67ad9 100644
--- a/driver_library/python/README.md
+++ b/driver_library/python/README.md
@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@ object:
 
 ```python
 # from file:
-network_file = "/path/to/model.tflite"
-network_buffer = driver.Buffer(device, network_file)
+data_file = "/path/to/data.bin"
+buffer = driver.Buffer(device, data_file)
 
 # from numpy:
 ifm_zeros = numpy.zeros(ifm_size, dtype=np.uint8)
@@ -174,11 +174,15 @@ ifm_buffer = driver.Buffer(device, ifm_size)
 ifm_buffer.from_buffer(ifm_zeros.data)
 ```
 
-To create a network object, provide memory buffer for the model file and
-created device:
+To create a network object, provide the model file or a byte array with the
+network data and the created device:
 
 ```python
-network = driver.Network(device, network_buffer)
+# from file:
+network = driver.Network(device, "path/to/model.tflite")
+
+# from byte array:
+network = driver.Network(device, network_data)
 ```
 
 Inference object is instantiated with a network object and lists of input
diff --git a/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/_utilities/driver_utilities.py b/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/_utilities/driver_utilities.py
index fcea91f..ca39751 100644
--- a/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/_utilities/driver_utilities.py
+++ b/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/_utilities/driver_utilities.py
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ def load_model(device: Device, model: str) -> Network:
             `Network`: Return the object that represent the neural __network file descriptor received from the Ethos-U device.
     """
     logging.info("Creating network")
-    network_buffer = Buffer(device, model)
-    return Network(device, network_buffer)
+    return Network(device, model)
 
 
 def populate_buffers(input_data: List[bytearray], buffers: List[Buffer]):
diff --git a/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/driver.i b/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/driver.i
index 3e4e384..6e0ad25 100644
--- a/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/driver.i
+++ b/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/driver.i
@@ -293,12 +293,12 @@ public:
         buffer: data to be copied to the mapped memory.
 
     ") from_buffer;
-    %mutable_buffer(char* buffer, size_t size);
+    %buffer_in(char* buffer, size_t size, BUFFER_FLAG_RW);
     void from_buffer(char* buffer, size_t size) {
         char* data = $self->data();
         std::memcpy(data, buffer, size);
     }
-    %clear_mutable_buffer(char* buffer, size_t size);
+    %clear_buffer_in(char* buffer, size_t size);
 }
 
 %feature("docstring",
@@ -329,15 +329,6 @@ public:
 
     %feature("docstring",
     "
-    Returns associated memory buffer.
-
-    Returns:
-        `Buffer`: buffer object used during initialisation.
-    ") getBuffer;
-    std::shared_ptr<Buffer> getBuffer();
-
-    %feature("docstring",
-    "
     Returns saved sizes of the neural network model input feature maps.
 
     Returns:
@@ -374,21 +365,41 @@ public:
 };
 
 %extend Network {
-    Network(const Device &device, std::shared_ptr<Buffer> &buffer)
+
+    Network(const Device &device, const std::string& filename)
     {
-        if(buffer == nullptr){
-            throw EthosU::Exception(std::string("Failed to create the network, buffer is nullptr.").c_str());
+        std::ifstream stream(filename, std::ios::binary);
+        if (!stream.is_open()) {
+            throw EthosU::Exception(std::string("Failed to open file: ").append(filename).c_str());
         }
-        auto network = new EthosU::Network(device, buffer);
-        return network;
+
+        stream.seekg(0, std::ios_base::end);
+        size_t size = stream.tellg();
+        stream.seekg(0, std::ios_base::beg);
+
+        std::unique_ptr<unsigned char[]> buffer = std::make_unique<unsigned char[]>(size);
+        stream.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(buffer.get()), size);
+        return new EthosU::Network(device, buffer.get(), size);
     }
-}
 
-%extend Network {
+    %buffer_in(const unsigned char* networkData, size_t networkSize, BUFFER_FLAG_RO);
+    Network(const Device &device, const unsigned char* networkData, size_t networkSize)
+    {
+        if(networkData == nullptr){
+            throw EthosU::Exception(std::string("Failed to create the network, networkData is nullptr.").c_str());
+        }
+
+        if(networkSize == 0U){
+            throw EthosU::Exception(std::string("Failed to create the network, networkSize is zero.").c_str());
+        }
+
+        return new EthosU::Network(device, networkData, networkSize);
+    }
+    %clear_buffer_in(const unsigned char* networkData, size_t networkSize);
+
     Network(const Device &device, const unsigned int index)
     {
-        auto network = new EthosU::Network(device, index);
-        return network;
+        return new EthosU::Network(device, index);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/typemaps/buffer.i b/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/typemaps/buffer.i
index 13b7909..bb4627c 100644
--- a/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/typemaps/buffer.i
+++ b/driver_library/python/src/ethosu_driver/swig/typemaps/buffer.i
@@ -1,19 +1,25 @@
 //
-// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021-2022 Arm Limited and/or its affiliates <open-source-office@arm.com>
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021-2023 Arm Limited and/or its affiliates <open-source-office@arm.com>
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 //
-%define %mutable_buffer(TYPEMAP, SIZE)
+
+%define BUFFER_FLAG_RO 0 %enddef
+%define BUFFER_FLAG_RW PyBUF_WRITABLE %enddef
+
+%define %buffer_in(TYPEMAP, SIZE, FLAG)
     %typemap(in) (TYPEMAP, SIZE) {
-      int res; void *buf = 0; size_t size = 0;
       Py_buffer view;
-      res = PyObject_GetBuffer($input, &view, PyBUF_WRITABLE);
-      buf = view.buf;
-      size = view.len;
-      PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+
+      int res = PyObject_GetBuffer($input, &view, FLAG);
       if (res < 0) {
         PyErr_Clear();
         %argument_fail(res, "(TYPEMAP, SIZE)", $symname, $argnum);
       }
+
+      void *buf = view.buf;
+      size_t size = view.len;
+      PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+
       $1 = ($1_ltype) buf;
       $2 = ($2_ltype) size;
     }
@@ -23,12 +29,11 @@
     }
 %enddef
 
-%define %clear_mutable_buffer(TYPEMAP, SIZE)
+%define %clear_buffer_in(TYPEMAP, SIZE)
     %typemap(in) (TYPEMAP, SIZE);
     %typemap(typecheck) (TYPEMAP, SIZE);
 %enddef
 
-
 %define %driver_buffer_out
     %typemap(out) (char*) {
         auto size = arg1->size();
diff --git a/driver_library/python/test/test_driver.py b/driver_library/python/test/test_driver.py
index 0dd207f..e9cb5c8 100644
--- a/driver_library/python/test/test_driver.py
+++ b/driver_library/python/test/test_driver.py
@@ -15,11 +15,14 @@ def device(device_name):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
-def network_buffer(device, model_name, shared_data_folder):
+def network_file(model_name, shared_data_folder):
     network_file = os.path.join(shared_data_folder, model_name)
-    network_buffer = driver.Buffer(device, network_file)
-    yield network_buffer
+    yield network_file
 
+@pytest.fixture()
+def network(device, network_file):
+    network = driver.Network(device, network_file)
+    yield network
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
 def test_check_device_swig_ownership(device):
@@ -44,12 +47,33 @@ def test_device_wrong_name(device_name):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
-def test_driver_network_filenotfound_exception(device, shared_data_folder):
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
+def test_driver_network_from_bytearray(device, network_file):
+    network_data = None
+    with open(network_file, 'rb') as file:
+        network_data = file.read()
+    network = driver.Network(device, network_data)
 
-    network_file = os.path.join(shared_data_folder, "some_unknown_model.tflite")
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
+def test_driver_network_from_empty_bytearray(device):
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as err:
-        network_buffer = driver.Buffer(device, network_file)
+        network = driver.Network(device, bytearray())
+
+    assert 'Failed to create the network, networkSize is zero' in str(err.value)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
+def test_driver_network_from_file(device, network_file):
+        network = driver.Network(device, network_file)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['some_unknown_model.tflite'])
+def test_driver_network_filenotfound_exception(device, network_file):
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as err:
+        network = driver.Network(device, network_file)
 
     # Only check for part of the exception since the exception returns
     # absolute path which will change on different machines.
@@ -58,57 +82,51 @@ def test_driver_network_filenotfound_exception(device, shared_data_folder):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
-def test_check_buffer_swig_ownership(network_buffer):
+def test_check_network_swig_ownership(network):
     # Check to see that SWIG has ownership for parser. This instructs SWIG to take
     # ownership of the return value. This allows the value to be automatically
     # garbage-collected when it is no longer in use
-    assert network_buffer.thisown
+    assert network.thisown
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
-def test_check_buffer_size(network_buffer):
-    assert network_buffer.size() > 0
+def test_check_network_ifm_size(device, network):
+    assert network.getIfmSize() > 0
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
-def test_check_buffer_clear(network_buffer):
-    network_buffer.clear()
-    for i in range(network_buffer.size()):
-        assert network_buffer.data()[i] == 0
+def test_check_network_ofm_size(device, network):
+    assert network.getOfmSize() > 0
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
-def test_check_buffer_getFd(network_buffer):
-    assert network_buffer.getFd() >= 0
+def test_check_buffer_swig_ownership(device):
+    buffer = driver.Buffer(device, 1024)
+    assert buffer.thisown
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
-def test_check_network_ifm_size(device, network_buffer):
-    network = driver.Network(device, network_buffer)
-    assert network.getIfmSize() > 0
-    assert network_buffer.thisown
-
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', [('ethosu0')])
-def test_check_network_buffer_none(device):
+def test_check_buffer_getFd(device):
+    buffer = driver.Buffer(device, 1024)
+    assert buffer.getFd() >= 0
 
-    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as err:
-        driver.Network(device, None)
 
-    # Only check for part of the exception since the exception returns
-    # absolute path which will change on different machines.
-    assert 'Failed to create the network' in str(err.value)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
+def test_check_buffer_size(device):
+    buffer = driver.Buffer(device, 1024)
+    assert buffer.size() == 1024
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('device_name', ['ethosu0'])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('model_name', ['model.tflite'])
-def test_check_network_ofm_size(device, network_buffer):
-    network = driver.Network(device, network_buffer)
-    assert network.getOfmSize() > 0
+def test_check_buffer_clear(device, network_file):
+    buffer = driver.Buffer(device, network_file)
+
+    buffer.clear()
+    for i in range(buffer.size()):
+        assert buffer.data()[i] == 0
 
 
 def test_getMaxPmuEventCounters():
diff --git a/driver_library/src/ethosu.cpp b/driver_library/src/ethosu.cpp
index 3c7dc31..7aec696 100644
--- a/driver_library/src/ethosu.cpp
+++ b/driver_library/src/ethosu.cpp
@@ -333,12 +333,13 @@ int Buffer::getFd() const {
  * Network
  ****************************************************************************/
 
-Network::Network(const Device &device, shared_ptr<Buffer> &buffer) : fd(-1), buffer(buffer) {
+Network::Network(const Device &device, const unsigned char *networkData, size_t networkSize) : fd(-1) {
     // Create buffer handle
     ethosu_uapi_network_create uapi;
-    uapi.type = ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_BUFFER;
-    uapi.fd   = buffer->getFd();
-    fd        = device.ioctl(ETHOSU_IOCTL_NETWORK_CREATE, static_cast<void *>(&uapi));
+    uapi.type             = ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_USER_BUFFER;
+    uapi.network.data_ptr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(networkData);
+    uapi.network.size     = networkSize;
+    fd                    = device.ioctl(ETHOSU_IOCTL_NETWORK_CREATE, static_cast<void *>(&uapi));
     try {
         collectNetworkInfo();
     } catch (std::exception &e) {
@@ -348,7 +349,7 @@ Network::Network(const Device &device, shared_ptr<Buffer> &buffer) : fd(-1), buf
         throw;
     }
 
-    Log(Severity::Info) << "Network(" << &device << ", " << &*buffer << "), this=" << this << ", fd=" << fd << endl;
+    Log(Severity::Info) << "Network(" << &device << "), this=" << this << ", fd=" << fd << endl;
 }
 
 Network::Network(const Device &device, const unsigned index) : fd(-1) {
@@ -391,10 +392,6 @@ int Network::ioctl(unsigned long cmd, void *data) {
     return eioctl(fd, cmd, data);
 }
 
-shared_ptr<Buffer> Network::getBuffer() {
-    return buffer;
-}
-
 const std::vector<size_t> &Network::getIfmDims() const {
     return ifmDims;
 }
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_device.c b/kernel/ethosu_device.c
index 73ddb2e..6e2351d 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_device.c
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_device.c
@@ -312,8 +312,7 @@ static long ethosu_ioctl(struct file *file,
 			return ret;
 
 		dev_dbg(dev,
-			"Device ioctl: Network create. type=%u, fd/index=%u",
-			uapi.type, uapi.fd);
+			"Device ioctl: Network create. type=%u\n", uapi.type);
 
 		ret = ethosu_network_create(dev, &edev->mailbox, &uapi);
 
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_inference.c b/kernel/ethosu_inference.c
index b985e75..57529f9 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_inference.c
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_inference.c
@@ -98,9 +98,7 @@ static int ethosu_inference_send(struct ethosu_inference *inf)
 	ret = ethosu_mailbox_inference(inf->mailbox, &inf->msg,
 				       inf->ifm_count, inf->ifm,
 				       inf->ofm_count, inf->ofm,
-				       inf->net->buf,
-				       inf->net->index,
-				       inf->pmu_event_config,
+				       inf->net, inf->pmu_event_config,
 				       ETHOSU_PMU_EVENT_MAX,
 				       inf->pmu_cycle_counter_enable);
 	if (ret) {
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.c b/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.c
index 9b9cd18..005e83e 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.c
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.c
@@ -239,8 +239,7 @@ int ethosu_mailbox_inference(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 			     struct ethosu_buffer **ifm,
 			     uint32_t ofm_count,
 			     struct ethosu_buffer **ofm,
-			     struct ethosu_buffer *network,
-			     uint32_t network_index,
+			     struct ethosu_network *network,
 			     uint8_t *pmu_event_config,
 			     uint8_t pmu_event_config_count,
 			     uint8_t pmu_cycle_counter_enable)
@@ -279,13 +278,13 @@ int ethosu_mailbox_inference(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 	for (i = 0; i < ETHOSU_CORE_PMU_MAX; i++)
 		inf_req->pmu_event_config[i] = pmu_event_config[i];
 
-	if (network != NULL) {
+	if (network->dma_mem != NULL) {
 		inf_req->network.type = ETHOSU_CORE_NETWORK_BUFFER;
 		ethosu_core_buffer_dma_mem_set(network->dma_mem,
 					       &inf_req->network.buffer);
 	} else {
 		inf_req->network.type = ETHOSU_CORE_NETWORK_INDEX;
-		inf_req->network.index = network_index;
+		inf_req->network.index = network->index;
 	}
 
 	return ethosu_send_locked(mbox, &rpmsg,
@@ -294,8 +293,7 @@ int ethosu_mailbox_inference(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 
 int ethosu_mailbox_network_info_request(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 					struct ethosu_mailbox_msg *msg,
-					struct ethosu_buffer *network,
-					uint32_t network_index)
+					struct ethosu_network *network)
 {
 	struct ethosu_core_rpmsg rpmsg = {
 		.header         = {
@@ -308,13 +306,13 @@ int ethosu_mailbox_network_info_request(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 
 	msg->type = rpmsg.header.type;
 
-	if (network != NULL) {
+	if (network->dma_mem != NULL) {
 		info_req->network.type = ETHOSU_CORE_NETWORK_BUFFER;
 		ethosu_core_buffer_dma_mem_set(network->dma_mem,
 					       &info_req->network.buffer);
 	} else {
 		info_req->network.type = ETHOSU_CORE_NETWORK_INDEX;
-		info_req->network.index = network_index;
+		info_req->network.index = network->index;
 	}
 
 	return ethosu_send_locked(mbox, &rpmsg,
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.h b/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.h
index c4c71a9..ab19613 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.h
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_mailbox.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2020-2023 Arm Limited and/or its affiliates
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020-2023 Arm Limited and/or its affiliates <open-source-office@arm.com>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  *
  * This program is free software and is provided to you under the terms of the
  * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
@@ -14,8 +15,6 @@
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
- *
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  */
 
 #ifndef ETHOSU_MAILBOX_H
@@ -37,9 +36,10 @@
 
 struct device;
 struct ethosu_buffer;
-struct ethosu_device;
 struct ethosu_core_msg;
 struct ethosu_core_queue;
+struct ethosu_device;
+struct ethosu_network;
 struct resource;
 
 typedef void (*ethosu_mailbox_cb)(void *user_arg);
@@ -168,8 +168,7 @@ int ethosu_mailbox_inference(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 			     struct ethosu_buffer **ifm,
 			     uint32_t ofm_count,
 			     struct ethosu_buffer **ofm,
-			     struct ethosu_buffer *network,
-			     uint32_t network_index,
+			     struct ethosu_network *network,
 			     uint8_t *pmu_event_config,
 			     uint8_t pmu_event_config_count,
 			     uint8_t pmu_cycle_counter_enable);
@@ -181,8 +180,7 @@ int ethosu_mailbox_inference(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
  */
 int ethosu_mailbox_network_info_request(struct ethosu_mailbox *mbox,
 					struct ethosu_mailbox_msg *msg,
-					struct ethosu_buffer *network,
-					uint32_t network_index);
+					struct ethosu_network *network);
 
 /**
  * ethosu_mailbox_cancel_inference() - Send inference cancellation
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_network.c b/kernel/ethosu_network.c
index f7871de..58d5c77 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_network.c
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_network.c
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 
 #include "ethosu_network.h"
 
-#include "ethosu_buffer.h"
 #include "ethosu_device.h"
+#include "ethosu_dma_mem.h"
 #include "ethosu_inference.h"
 #include "ethosu_network_info.h"
 #include "uapi/ethosu.h"
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ static void ethosu_network_destroy(struct kref *kref)
 
 	dev_dbg(dev, "Network destroy. net=0x%pK\n", net);
 
-	if (net->buf != NULL)
-		ethosu_buffer_put(net->buf);
+	if (net->dma_mem != NULL)
+		ethosu_dma_mem_free(&net->dma_mem);
 
 	memset(net, 0, sizeof(*net));
 	devm_kfree(dev, net);
@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@ int ethosu_network_create(struct device *dev,
 			  struct ethosu_uapi_network_create *uapi)
 {
 	struct ethosu_network *net;
-	int ret = -ENOMEM;
+	const void __user *data;
+	int ret;
 
 	net = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*net), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!net)
@@ -159,17 +160,34 @@ int ethosu_network_create(struct device *dev,
 
 	net->dev = dev;
 	net->mailbox = mailbox;
-	net->buf = NULL;
 	kref_init(&net->kref);
 
 	switch (uapi->type) {
-	case ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_BUFFER:
-		net->buf = ethosu_buffer_get_from_fd(uapi->fd);
-		if (IS_ERR(net->buf)) {
-			ret = PTR_ERR(net->buf);
+	case ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_USER_BUFFER:
+		if (!uapi->network.data_ptr) {
+			dev_err(dev, "Invalid network data ptr\n");
+			ret = -EINVAL;
 			goto free_net;
 		}
 
+		if (!uapi->network.size) {
+			dev_err(dev, "Invalid network data size\n");
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			goto free_net;
+		}
+
+		net->dma_mem = ethosu_dma_mem_alloc(dev, uapi->network.size);
+		if (IS_ERR(net->dma_mem)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(net->dma_mem);
+			goto free_net;
+		}
+
+		data = u64_to_user_ptr(uapi->network.data_ptr);
+		ret = copy_from_user(net->dma_mem->cpu_addr, data,
+				     uapi->network.size);
+		if (ret)
+			goto free_dma_mem;
+
 		break;
 	case ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_INDEX:
 		net->index = uapi->index;
@@ -182,20 +200,20 @@ int ethosu_network_create(struct device *dev,
 	ret = anon_inode_getfd("ethosu-network", &ethosu_network_fops, net,
 			       O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC);
 	if (ret < 0)
-		goto put_buf;
+		goto free_dma_mem;
 
 	net->file = fget(ret);
 	fput(net->file);
 
 	dev_dbg(dev,
 		"Network create. file=0x%pK, fd=%d, net=0x%pK, buf=0x%pK, index=%u",
-		net->file, ret, net, net->buf, net->index);
+		net->file, ret, net, net->dma_mem, net->index);
 
 	return ret;
 
-put_buf:
-	if (net->buf != NULL)
-		ethosu_buffer_put(net->buf);
+free_dma_mem:
+	if (net->dma_mem != NULL)
+		ethosu_dma_mem_free(&net->dma_mem);
 
 free_net:
 	memset(net, 0, sizeof(*net));
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_network.h b/kernel/ethosu_network.h
index e0d41b1..5484bac 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_network.h
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_network.h
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2020,2022-2023 Arm Limited and/or its affiliates
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020,2022-2023 Arm Limited and/or its affiliates <open-source-office@arm.com>
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  *
  * This program is free software and is provided to you under the terms of the
  * GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software
@@ -14,8 +15,6 @@
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
- *
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  */
 
 #ifndef ETHOSU_NETWORK_H
@@ -42,7 +41,7 @@ struct ethosu_network {
 	struct ethosu_mailbox *mailbox;
 	struct file           *file;
 	struct kref           kref;
-	struct ethosu_buffer  *buf;
+	struct ethosu_dma_mem *dma_mem;
 	uint32_t              index;
 };
 
diff --git a/kernel/ethosu_network_info.c b/kernel/ethosu_network_info.c
index feabcae..011a0b4 100644
--- a/kernel/ethosu_network_info.c
+++ b/kernel/ethosu_network_info.c
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
- *
  */
 
 /****************************************************************************
@@ -39,8 +38,7 @@ static inline int ethosu_network_info_send(struct ethosu_network_info *info,
 	/* Send network info request to firmware */
 	return ethosu_mailbox_network_info_request(mailbox,
 						   &info->msg,
-						   info->net->buf,
-						   info->net->index);
+						   info->net);
 }
 
 static void ethosu_network_info_fail(struct ethosu_mailbox_msg *msg)
diff --git a/kernel/uapi/ethosu.h b/kernel/uapi/ethosu.h
index 4e4d180..35eaf60 100644
--- a/kernel/uapi/ethosu.h
+++ b/kernel/uapi/ethosu.h
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace EthosU {
 #define ETHOSU_PMU_EVENT_MAX             8
 
 /* Kernel driver version */
-#define ETHOSU_KERNEL_DRIVER_VERSION_MAJOR 2
+#define ETHOSU_KERNEL_DRIVER_VERSION_MAJOR 3
 #define ETHOSU_KERNEL_DRIVER_VERSION_MINOR 0
 #define ETHOSU_KERNEL_DRIVER_VERSION_PATCH 0
 
@@ -109,13 +109,14 @@ struct ethosu_uapi_buffer_create {
 
 /**
  * enum ethosu_uapi_network_type - Network buffer type.
- * @ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_BUFFER:	Network is stored in a buffer handle.
- * @ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_INDEX:	Network is built into firmware and referenced by
- *                              index.
+ * @ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_USER_BUFFER:	Network data is provided in a user
+ *					buffer.
+ * @ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_INDEX:		Network is built into firmware and
+ *					referenced by index.
  */
 enum ethosu_uapi_network_type {
-	ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_BUFFER = 1,
-	ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_INDEX
+	ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_USER_BUFFER = 1,
+	ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_INDEX,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -127,7 +128,10 @@ enum ethosu_uapi_network_type {
 struct ethosu_uapi_network_create {
 	uint32_t type;
 	union {
-		__u32 fd;
+		struct {
+			__u64 data_ptr;
+			__u32 size;
+		}     network;
 		__u32 index;
 	};
 };
diff --git a/tests/cancel_inference_test.cpp b/tests/cancel_inference_test.cpp
index 846a29f..7f3fe74 100644
--- a/tests/cancel_inference_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/cancel_inference_test.cpp
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ int64_t defaultTimeout = 60000000000;
 
 void testCancelInference(const Device &device) {
     try {
-        auto networkBuffer = std::make_shared<Buffer>(device, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        std::memcpy(networkBuffer->data(), networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        auto network = std::make_shared<Network>(device, networkBuffer);
+        auto network = std::make_shared<Network>(device, networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
 
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> inputBuffers;
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> outputBuffers;
@@ -79,9 +77,7 @@ void testCancelInference(const Device &device) {
 
 void testRejectInference(const Device &device) {
     try {
-        auto networkBuffer = std::make_shared<Buffer>(device, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        std::memcpy(networkBuffer->data(), networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        auto network = std::make_shared<Network>(device, networkBuffer);
+        auto network = std::make_shared<Network>(device, networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
 
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> inputBuffers;
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> outputBuffers;
diff --git a/tests/run_inference_test.cpp b/tests/run_inference_test.cpp
index 6b17ac2..512a2a0 100644
--- a/tests/run_inference_test.cpp
+++ b/tests/run_inference_test.cpp
@@ -111,10 +111,7 @@ void testNetworkInfoNotExistentIndex(const Device &device) {
 
 void testNetworkInfoBuffer(const Device &device) {
     try {
-        std::shared_ptr<Buffer> buffer = std::make_shared<Buffer>(device, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        std::memcpy(buffer->data(), networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        Network network(device, buffer);
-
+        Network network(device, networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
         TEST_ASSERT(network.getIfmDims().size() == 1);
         TEST_ASSERT(network.getOfmDims().size() == 1);
     } catch (std::exception &e) { throw TestFailureException("NetworkInfo buffer test: ", e.what()); }
@@ -122,11 +119,8 @@ void testNetworkInfoBuffer(const Device &device) {
 
 void testNetworkInfoUnparsableBuffer(const Device &device) {
     try {
-        auto buffer = std::make_shared<Buffer>(device, sizeof(networkModelData) / 4);
-        std::memcpy(buffer->data(), networkModelData + sizeof(networkModelData) / 4, sizeof(networkModelData) / 4);
-
         try {
-            Network network(device, buffer);
+            Network network(device, networkModelData + sizeof(networkModelData) / 4, sizeof(networkModelData) / 4);
             FAIL();
         } catch (Exception) {
             // good, it should have thrown!
@@ -148,11 +142,41 @@ void testNetworkInvalidType(const Device &device) {
     } catch (std::exception &e) { throw TestFailureException("NetworkCreate invalid type test: ", e.what()); }
 }
 
+void testNetworkInvalidDataPtr(const Device &device) {
+    const std::string expected_error =
+        std::string("IOCTL cmd=") + std::to_string(ETHOSU_IOCTL_NETWORK_CREATE) + " failed: " + std::strerror(EINVAL);
+    struct ethosu_uapi_network_create net_req = {};
+    net_req.type                              = ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_USER_BUFFER;
+    net_req.network.data_ptr                  = 0U;
+    net_req.network.size                      = 128U;
+    try {
+        int r = device.ioctl(ETHOSU_IOCTL_NETWORK_CREATE, &net_req);
+        FAIL();
+    } catch (Exception &e) {
+        // The call is expected to throw
+        TEST_ASSERT(expected_error.compare(e.what()) == 0);
+    } catch (std::exception &e) { throw TestFailureException("NetworkCreate invalid data ptr: ", e.what()); }
+}
+
+void testNetworkInvalidDataSize(const Device &device) {
+    const std::string expected_error =
+        std::string("IOCTL cmd=") + std::to_string(ETHOSU_IOCTL_NETWORK_CREATE) + " failed: " + std::strerror(EINVAL);
+    struct ethosu_uapi_network_create net_req = {};
+    net_req.type                              = ETHOSU_UAPI_NETWORK_USER_BUFFER;
+    net_req.network.data_ptr                  = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(networkModelData);
+    net_req.network.size                      = 0U;
+    try {
+        int r = device.ioctl(ETHOSU_IOCTL_NETWORK_CREATE, &net_req);
+        FAIL();
+    } catch (Exception &e) {
+        // The call is expected to throw
+        TEST_ASSERT(expected_error.compare(e.what()) == 0);
+    } catch (std::exception &e) { throw TestFailureException("NetworkCreate invalid data size: ", e.what()); }
+}
+
 void testRunInferenceBuffer(const Device &device) {
     try {
-        auto networkBuffer = std::make_shared<Buffer>(device, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        std::memcpy(networkBuffer->data(), networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
-        auto network = std::make_shared<Network>(device, networkBuffer);
+        auto network = std::make_shared<Network>(device, networkModelData, sizeof(networkModelData));
 
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> inputBuffers;
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> outputBuffers;
@@ -197,6 +221,8 @@ int main() {
         testCapabilties(device);
         testBufferSeek(device);
         testNetworkInvalidType(device);
+        testNetworkInvalidDataPtr(device);
+        testNetworkInvalidDataSize(device);
         testNetworkInfoNotExistentIndex(device);
         testNetworkInfoBuffer(device);
         testNetworkInfoUnparsableBuffer(device);
diff --git a/utils/inference_runner/inference_runner.cpp b/utils/inference_runner/inference_runner.cpp
index c7a18b0..721cd57 100644
--- a/utils/inference_runner/inference_runner.cpp
+++ b/utils/inference_runner/inference_runner.cpp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <utility>
 
 using namespace std;
 using namespace EthosU;
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ void rangeCheck(const int i, const int argc, const string arg) {
     }
 }
 
-shared_ptr<Buffer> allocAndFill(Device &device, const string filename) {
+pair<unique_ptr<unsigned char[]>, size_t> getNetworkData(const string filename) {
     ifstream stream(filename, ios::binary);
     if (!stream.is_open()) {
         cerr << "Error: Failed to open '" << filename << "'" << endl;
@@ -67,10 +68,10 @@ shared_ptr<Buffer> allocAndFill(Device &device, const string filename) {
     size_t size = stream.tellg();
     stream.seekg(0, ios_base::beg);
 
-    shared_ptr<Buffer> buffer = make_shared<Buffer>(device, size);
-    stream.read(buffer->data(), size);
+    unique_ptr<unsigned char[]> data = std::make_unique<unsigned char[]>(size);
+    stream.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(data.get()), size);
 
-    return buffer;
+    return make_pair(std::move(data), size);
 }
 
 shared_ptr<Inference> createInference(Device &device,
@@ -234,8 +235,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         shared_ptr<Network> network;
 
         if (networkIndex < 0) {
-            shared_ptr<Buffer> networkBuffer = allocAndFill(device, networkArg);
-            network                          = make_shared<Network>(device, networkBuffer);
+            auto networkData = getNetworkData(networkArg);
+            network          = make_shared<Network>(device, networkData.first.get(), networkData.second);
         } else {
             network = make_shared<Network>(device, networkIndex);
         }